Magnetite-supported salicylic acid (Fe3O4@SA) as a magnetically separable and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of 3, 4 dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones/thiones and benzylidenemalononitrile derivatives under solvent-free conditions

Authors

• Dhananjay N. Gaikwad ¹
• Suresh T. Gaikwad * ²
• Rajesh K. Manjul ²
• Dayanand M. Suryavanshi ³
• Anjali S. Rajbhoj ²
• Swapnil R. Bankar ⁴
• Santosh T. Shinde ⁵
• Nilam S. Dhane ¹

1. Department of Chemistry, Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara, Maharashtra, India
2. Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
3. P. G. and Research Department Of Chemistry, S. S. G. M., College, Kopargaon, Dist. A. Nagar, Maharashtra, India
4. Departmen of Chemistry, Sharadchandra Pawar Mahavidyalay, Lonand, Dist. Satara, Maharashtra, India
5. P. G. department Of Chemistry, Annasaheb Awate College, Manchar, Dist. Pune, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

The use of the new Fe3O4@Salicylic acid nanocatalyst (Fe3O4@SA) is described in the synthesis of 3, 4 dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones/thiones and benzylidenemalononitrile in a solvent-free (SF) environment at 80◦C as a simple, effective, and environmentally friendly procedure. In the present protocol, we have created new, simple chemical co-precipitation method for the synthesis of efficient and magnetically recoverable Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with a layer of salicylic acid. The synthesized catalyst underwent thorough characterization successfully by Infrared spectroscopy, Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron
microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and FESEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) respectively. This eco-friendly and green synthesis methodology has advantages, such as the absence of hazardous organic solvents, magnetic in nature, salicylic acid coated ferrite nanocatalysts are easily separable and reusable, quick reaction time and large product yield(71-98%), making this protocol superior and robust.

Research Highlights

Fe₃O₄@SA serves as an efficient catalyst for synthesizing dihydropyrimidinones and benzylidenemalononitriles.

The catalyst can be easily separated magnetically, facilitating reuse.

Demonstrates high reusability without significant loss of activity.

Reactions conducted under environmentally friendly solvent-free conditions.

Effective for various derivatives, showcasing versatility.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

• One-pot synthesis
• Biginelli
• Dihydropyrimidine
• Solvent-free Fe3O4
• Nanocatalyst
• Green synthesis
• Multicomponent reaction