Iranian Journal of Catalysis (IJC)Recent Progress in Visible-Light Active (VLA) TiO2 Nano-Structures for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity (PCA) and Antibacterial Properties: A ReviewVolume 11 (2021) IJCIssue 3, September 202120240119Recent Progress in Visible-Light Active (VLA) TiO2 Nano-Structures for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity (PCA) and Antibacterial Properties: A ReviewENKasunL SeneviratneFaculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology (SLIIT), New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri LankaImalkaMunaweeraDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
Instrument Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri LankaSriyaniE PeirisFaculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology (SLIIT), New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri LankaNilwalaKottegodaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
Center for Advanced Materials Research (CAMR), Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka0000-0002-9664-1704Journal Article20240119The applications of photocatalytic nanomaterial technology received intense scientific focus with the advent of nanotechnology. Applications based on TiO2 nanoparticles have shown promise of photocatalytic efficiency among many semiconductor metal oxides. Titanium dioxide is utilized in many practical applications such as water and air purification, self-cleaning of surfaces, and energy production. The major drawback with TiO2 based photocatalysts is the wide band gap, which requires UV light to produce the electron-hole pairs. This review article focus on techniques/methods to eliminate band gap which reduces photocatalytic efficiency. Application of semiconductor photocatalytic techniques to degrade organic pollutants and their antimicrobial activity is discussed here using model systems. Synthetic and natural nanohybrids are available today and have varying characteristics as options. Recently developed natural mineral based nanohybrids is the new trend in photocatalytic applications. It appears that the removal efficiency of existed photocatalysts is higher than that of synthetic products. Natural nanohybrids carry the advantages of low costs, avoiding extensive synthesizing conditions in future photocatalytic applications.Iranian Journal of Catalysis (IJC)Preparation and characterization of SnO2-BiVO4-CuO catalyst and kinetics of phenazopyridine photodegradationVolume 11 (2021) IJCIssue 3, September 202120240119Preparation and characterization of SnO2-BiVO4-CuO catalyst and kinetics of phenazopyridine photodegradationENAilinYousefiDepartment of Chemistry, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 311-86145, Shahreza, Isfahan, IranAlirezaNezamzadeh-EjhiehDepartment of Chemistry, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 311-86145, Shahreza, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20240119Here, SnO2, BiVO4, and CuO nanoparticles (NPs) were hydrothermally synthesized and mixed in an agate mortar mechanically. The coupled ternary SnO2-BiVO4-CuO (SBC) catalyst and the individual NPs were then briefly characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Average crystallite size of 25 nm was obtained from the XRD data based on the Scherrer formula. The absorption edge (λAE) values of 1095, 430, 558, and 636 nm, corresponding to the band gap (Eg) values of 1.13, 2.88, 2.22, and 1.95 eV, were respectively obtained for the as-synthesized CuO, SnO2, and BiVO4 NPs and the as-prepared ternary SBC catalyst based on DRS results. The PZP degradation% of 11, 15, 17, and 24% were obtained by the CuO, SnO2, BiVO4 NPs, and SBC catalyst (with the same moles of each component). But, when the moles of BiVO4 in the SBC were two times greater than the others, about 43% of PZP were removed. The k-value of 9.9 × 10-3 min-1 corresponding to the t1/2-value of 70 min was obtained by applying the Hinshelwood plot on the photodegradation results. Photodegradation experiments were carried out in pH 5, CPhP: 3.35 ppm, and catalyst dosage: 0.55 g L-1. Further, when the photodegraded solutions were subject to the COD experiment, the Hinshelwood plots showed a slope of 0.01 min-1 which corresponds to the t1/2-value of 69.3 min.Iranian Journal of Catalysis (IJC)Catalytic activity of immobilized Ag and Pd nanoparticles on the magnetic natural zeolite using Chrysanthemum morifolium flower extract in the reduction/decolorization of dyesVolume 11 (2021) IJCIssue 3, September 202120240119Catalytic activity of immobilized Ag and Pd nanoparticles on the magnetic natural zeolite using Chrysanthemum morifolium flower extract in the reduction/decolorization of dyesENAkbarRostami-VartooniDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 3716146611, Iran.0000-0002-5395-9966LeilaRostamiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 3716146611, IranMojtabaBagherzadehReactor and Nuclear Safety School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, 81465-1589, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20240119In this study, Ag and Pd nanoparticles (NPs) were immobilized on natural zeolite and magnetized zeolite (Fe3O4/natural zeolite) by using an aqueous Chrysanthemum morifolium flower extract, as a green and low-cost method. Different techniques such as FTIR, XRD, FESEM, EDS, and VSM were used for the characterization of prepared nanocomposites. The FESEM and TEM images of nanocomposites showed that the quasi-spherical Ag and Pd NPs with mostly 20–50 nm particles size have successfully formed and are well dispersed on the supports surface. The effect of various parameters such as nanocomposite type, initial dye, NaBH4 concentrations, catalyst dose, and pH were studied in the catalytic reduction/decolorization of three organic dyes. In the absence of NaBH4 or catalyst, no color changes were observed even after 90 min. The reduction rates of the selected dyes in the presence of stable catalysts were found to be in an order of Pd/Fe3O4/natural zeolite > Pd/natural zeolite > Ag/Fe3O4/natural zeolite > Ag/natural zeolite > Fe3O4/natural zeolite.Iranian Journal of Catalysis (IJC)Novel acidic ChCl/TFA DES as reaction medium and catalyst for Biginelli and Hantzsch reactionsVolume 11 (2021) IJCIssue 3, September 202120240119Novel acidic ChCl/TFA DES as reaction medium and catalyst for Biginelli and Hantzsch reactionsENAdelehMoshtaghi ZonouzChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz – Iran0000-0002-6288-2358AbdolrezaAbriChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz – IranNasrinBabajaniChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz – IranHemayatShekaariFaculty of Chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz – IranJournal Article20240119Novel deep eutectic solvent (DES) using Choline Chloride (ChCl) as the hydrogen bond acceptor and triflouroacetic acid (TFA) as hydrogen bond donor (1.0:1.5 molar ratio) was prepared at room temperature and characterized by FT- IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Also, this novel acidic RTDES (room temperature deep eutectic solvent) was successfully used both as a reaction medium and catalyst in Biginelli, Biginelli-like, and Hantzsch reactions. The procedures have the advantages of high yields, short reaction times and easy work-up as well as relatively mild conditions and they do not require additional catalysts and organic solvents. The DES could be easily recycled without considerable loss of activity even after more than three cycles.Iranian Journal of Catalysis (IJC)Encapsulation of a Cu(II) complex with 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid in zeolite-X nanoporosity as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for oxidation of anilineVolume 11 (2021) IJCIssue 3, September 202120240119Encapsulation of a Cu(II) complex with 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid in zeolite-X nanoporosity as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for oxidation of anilineENFatemehHassaniDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran0000-0003-0200-8404MahboubehA. SharifDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty od Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, IranMasoumehTabatabaeeDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran0000-0003-0985-7804MahboobehMahmoodiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, IranJournal Article20240119The Cu(II) complex of 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (PydcH2, dipiconilic acid) was successfully prepared and readily trapped in the nanocavity of zeolite-X (NaX) through a flexible synthetic method. The characterization of nanocomposite ([Cu(pydcH2)(pydc)]-NaX) was performed by FT-IR, XRD, BET isotherm, SEM, TEM, and elemental analysis, that approved the encapsulating of coordination compound in the channels of NaX, with no change in the zeolite structure and morphology. The catalytic activity of the prepared material was also studied in respect of the oxidation of aniline with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent. The experiments were performed to optimize aniline oxidation under different extents of catalyst, temperature, and time. Optimized reaction conditions of this catalyst exhibited moderate activity (~92%) of aniline oxidation. This catalyst was stable in the oxidation of aniline as recovered and reused for an additional three runs. The outcomes reflected that the catalyst was reusable with no considerable loss in the catalytic activity.Iranian Journal of Catalysis (IJC)Modification of Indonesian Natural Zeolite (Clipnotillite-Mordenite) for Synthesis of SolketalVolume 11 (2021) IJCIssue 3, September 202120240119Modification of Indonesian Natural Zeolite (Clipnotillite-Mordenite) for Synthesis of SolketalENDwiKurniawatiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati, 50229 Semarang, IndonesiaJumaeriJumaeriDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati, 50229 Semarang, IndonesiaSilvesterTursiloadiResearch Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, BantenOsiArutantiResearch Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, BantenMuhammadSafaatResearch Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, BantenJournal Article20240119Desilication of natural zeolite by alkali treatment to produce solketal was successfully prepared. Natural zeolite from Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia, has been used as a catalyst source. The natural zeolite source was mordenite type structure. The experimental condition was varied to study their effect on the catalyst efficiency. Several characterization methods, such as Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), etc., were used to analyze the physicochemical properties of the prepared catalyst. From the temperature-programmed desorption of NH3 (TPD analysis), the acidity of zeolite decreased from 0.597 to 0.444 by increasing NaOH concentration from 0.1 to 0.7 M, respectively. The result showed that alkali treatment did not change the phase structure of natural zeolite significantly. Here, the ratio of Si/Al decreased by increasing NaOH concentration, resulting in the decrease of acidity value. Interestingly, the efficiency of zeolite catalyst (HZ-01) shows the highest conversion and selectivity at around 98.73% and 74.66%, respectively. This exciting result opens the possibility to develop an economic catalyst with high efficiency from the abundant Indonesian mineral resource.Iranian Journal of Catalysis (IJC)Adsorption of silver ions from aqueous solutions using copolymer containing sodium methacrylate functional groupsVolume 11 (2021) IJCIssue 3, September 202120240119Adsorption of silver ions from aqueous solutions using copolymer containing sodium methacrylate functional groupsENNavidAllahyarIstanbul University Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 3420 Avcılar Istanbul, TurkeyCemalÖzeroğluIstanbul University Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 3420 Avcılar Istanbul, TurkeyJournal Article20240119The negative effects of silver, which is one of the heavy metals, on the environment are known. Hence, to remove this dangerous heavy metal from the environment, poly(methacrylic acid), whose adsorption capability has been tested in previous studies, was used. But unfortunately, it performed poorly for silver ions. Therefore, this polymer was modified as poly(sodium methacrylate) using NaOH catalyst and used in the adsorption experiment process to obtain more efficient results. Some important functional groups in the modified copolymer were analyzed by FTIR measurement and the thermal stability of the copolymer by TGA measurement. To better interpret the adsorption process, some isotherms such as Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms were examined. Using the (D-R) isotherm, the reaction energy was found to be 8.98 kJ/mol, which indicates that the adsorption process is of a chemical ion exchange type. The data from the experimental processes were also evaluated with some kinetic models such as the Elovich, the modified Freundlich, the pseudo-first-order, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Among these models, the pseudo-second-order kinetic models of the adsorption of Ag(I) on poly(sodium methacrylate) showed the best agreement with the experimental data.Iranian Journal of Catalysis (IJC)Fe3O4@SiO2@Vitamin C@Fe2O3 Nanoparticles as a Novel Green Catalyst for One-pot Synthesis of 3-amino-1-aryl-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile DerivativesVolume 11 (2021) IJCIssue 3, September 202120240119Fe3O4@SiO2@Vitamin C@Fe2O3 Nanoparticles as a Novel Green Catalyst for One-pot Synthesis of 3-amino-1-aryl-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile DerivativesENNaghmehDaryaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht P.O. Box 41335-1914, Iran0000000192525100HassanTajikDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, IranJournal Article20240119In this research, we report a novel and green magnetic nanocatalyst; Fe3O4@SiO2@Vitamin C@Fe2O3 for clean synthesis of 3-amino-1-aryl-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitriles with high-yield in water as solvent at room temperature. The nanocatalyst is stable under the synthetic conditions and it can be reused several times without considerable reduction in its catalytic activity. The catalyst structure was characterized by using various analytical techniques; SEM, FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV-vis spectroscopy, VSM and EDS. Also, the products were separated and characterized by determining their melting points, IR spectra and compared to those of the authentic samples. Environmentally friendly, availability, high catalytic activity and ease of separation are the main reasons for using Fe3O4@SiO2@Vitamin C@Fe2O3 as a green catalyst.