Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Trajectory Planning for Point-to-Point Motion Using High-order Polynomials Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Trajectory Planning for Point-to-Point Motion Using High-order Polynomials EN Hossein Barghi Jond Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran Vasif V. Nabiyev Department of Computer Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey Tuğrul Çavdar Department of Computer Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey Journal Article 2024 02 15 In this paper, a trajectory planning problem based on high-order polynomials is formulated for a point-to-point motion. The problem aims to find suitable polynomial trajectories that connect an initial to a final configuration while satisfying other specified constraints. The constraints are considered as zero velocity at the endpoint as well as a limitation on acceleration for the whole motion time. However, this problem is very difficult to trace more particularly when the number of coefficients (decision-making variables) is large. As a new approach, a high-order polynomial equation containing only two-term is proposed to generate suitable trajectories between two configurations. The advantage of the proposed polynomial is that it can be traced analytically in order to get solutions for the two independent coefficients in a closed-form. The motion simulations show that the resulting high-degree trajectories with two-term polynomial satisfy the mentioned constraints as well as they are continuous and smooth. Additionally, comparing outputs of Genetic Algorithm with the closed-form solutions for the problem show that closed-form expressions generate coefficients that are near optimal.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Backstepping Predictive Direct Power Control of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Considering Power Quality Issue Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Backstepping Predictive Direct Power Control of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Considering Power Quality Issue EN Brahim Elkhalil Youcefa Université Djillali Liabes de Sidi Bel Abbes 0000-0001-7918-1470 Ahmed Massoum Said Barkat Patrice Wira Journal Article 2024 02 15 In this paper, a grid connected PV system acting as shunt active power filter for power quality enhancement is presented. Further, a DC-DC boost converter is used to interface the photovoltaic generator with the grid, which provides a continuous power flow from the PV generator into the grid through a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). Hence, a nonlinear backstepping control method with predictive direct power control for the shunt active power filter side is presented, and a suitable backstepping DC-DC boost converter is also developed, with a view to reduce harmonic currents and insuring reactive power compensation under nonlinear loads variations on the utility grid, and also extracts the maximum amount of power from the photovoltaic generator. Processor in the Loop (PIL) co-simulation results prove the performances efficiency of the implemented control algorithms under a nonlinear load operating condition.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Two-dimensional Photonic Crystal Sensor for Detection of Biomaterial Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Two-dimensional Photonic Crystal Sensor for Detection of Biomaterial EN Zohreh Dorrani Department of Electrical Engineering, Payam Noor University (PNU), Iran. Journal Article 2024 02 15 Biological components including cells, proteins, and nucleic acids have been studied by using biological sensors. All compounds in the organisms have sensors with identical mechanical sensors. Most of these sensors are specific cells which are sensitive to physical characteristics of outside environment including light, motion, temperature, magnetic-field, gravity, moisture, vibration, pressure, electrical fields, and sound. Since biosensors could be fabricated by using photonic crystals, these structures are used in designing the sensor due to the unique characteristics of photonic crystals. Refractive index around the sensing hole was changed and output transmission spectrum was studied. By changing refractive index, transmission spectrum undergoes measurable change and biomolecule could be measured by sensor in mentioned conditions. Results have shown that this sensor has good sensitivity for measuring small dimensions. In addition, high speed, high quality, simple structure, as well as higher sensitivity are other characteristics of photonic crystal sensors compared to other sensors.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Power and Frequency Control of Active Generator used for Smart Grid Applications Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Power and Frequency Control of Active Generator used for Smart Grid Applications EN Ehsan Limouchi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. Seyed Abbas Taher Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. Babak Ganji Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. Journal Article 2024 02 15 Nowadays, renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic and active generators are utilized frequently in modern power systems especially micro-grid. By providing electrical energy using micro-grid systems, the reliability and quality of the system can be improved. A micro-grid connected to the network depends on the main grid and consequently assessing the power quality during independent functioning (islanded mode) is important. The aim of the present work is to perform active, reactive power distribution strategies (control) for active generators used in smart grids. The proposed control method is the sliding mode which controls the active as well as reactive power and frequency. Here, based on sliding mode control method, droop control is developed for active generator. This controller is simulated for active generator by MATLAB/SIMULINK and simulation results are given. Based on the obtained simulation results, efficiency of sliding mode in regulating active and reactive power and controlling domain voltage and frequency are shown.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Experimental Simulation Analysis for Single Phase Transformer Tests Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Experimental Simulation Analysis for Single Phase Transformer Tests EN Ali Hamoodi Engineering Technical College, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq. Bashar Hammad Engineering Technical College, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq. Fawaz Abdullah Engineering Technical College, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq. Journal Article 2024 02 15 This article describes a workflow executed with MATLAB simulation and practical measurements for single phase power transformer. In addition, no-load, short-circuit test and load test are achieved in this work. The test procedures are implemented on a real transformer (terco–type) which has specifications of (1KVA, 220/110V, 50Hz). Finally, the simulation results are appeared proximately similar from the practical results.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Energy Storage Technologies for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Review Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Energy Storage Technologies for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Review EN Surender Reddy Salkuti Woosong University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Journal Article 2024 02 15 In the recent days, the main challenge for the electrical power system is an economical storage technology. Energy storage is essential for the future Smart Grid (SG) to smooth out the fluctuating output of Renewable Energy Resources (RERs). Even though many good storage technologies are available but either they are not economical or they are not efficient. Several research studies are analyzed the application of energy storage with respect to voltage support, peak shaving, frequency stability, renewable firming, transmission upgrade deferral, and a host of other uses. RERs are dependent on the climate conditions for the power output. Therefore, an efficient storage technology is an important part for the reliability of electric power system. This paper compares different storage technologies available, i.e. hydrogen storage, batteries, superconducting magnet energy storage, fly wheels, compressed air energy storage, pumped hydro energy storage, etc. This paper details the necessity of storage techniques to help the RERs power output in the SG to meet the energy demands of the future.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Design of a 16-by-16-bit Unsigned Serial-parallel Multiplier using Retime Technique Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Design of a 16-by-16-bit Unsigned Serial-parallel Multiplier using Retime Technique EN Amirhossein Vafi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Ziaddin Kozehkanani Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Jafar Sobhi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Mousa Yousefi Department of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran. Journal Article 2024 02 15 In this paper, the structure of a 16-by-16 unsigned hybrid (serial-parallel) multiplier has been proposed. Parallel multipliers, in comparison with serial multipliers, have higher speed and higher power consumption. In hybrid structures, to reduce power and increase speed, both serial and parallel techniques are used. The proposed structure improves propagation delay and reduces power consumption using pipeline and retime techniques. Simulation results show that it has 5.7 ns propagation delay and 2.65 mW power consumption. The figure of merit for energy consumption is 15.2 PJ. The proposed multiplier has been designed using 0.18 μm TSMC process at 1.8 V supply and simulated using Cadence tools. The layout of the multiplier occupies 52414 μm2.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Robust Control H∞ Fuzzy of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator Integrated to Wind Power System Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Robust Control H∞ Fuzzy of a Doubly Fed Induction Generator Integrated to Wind Power System EN Lakhdar Saihi 1-Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tahri Mohamed Bechar, Bp 417, Algeria. 2-Unité de Recherche en Energies Renouvelables en Milieu Saharien URERMS, Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables CDER, 01000, Adrar, Alegria, Brahim Berbaoui Unité de Recherche en Energies Renouvelables en Milieu Saharien URERMS, Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables CDER, 01000, Adrar, Alegria, Hachemi Glaoui Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tahri Mohamed Bechar, Bp 417, Algeria Journal Article 2024 02 15 This paper proposes a H∞ Fuzzy robust controller for Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind turbines. The power exchange between the machine stator and  the  grid  is  carried out  by  acting on  the  rotor  via  a bidirectional converter. The control objective is to regulate the stator active and reactive power generated from the DFIG by means of two kinds of controllers named H∞ PI and   H∞ Fuzzy. Comparison study between the proposed controllers considering reference tracking and robustness to parameter variations is discussed. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the H∞ Fuzzy controller compared with the other one for time-varying reference tracking and parameters variations, which improves quality and quantity of generated power.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Minimization of Outage Probability using Joint Channel and Power Assignment in Dual and Multi Hop Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Minimization of Outage Probability using Joint Channel and Power Assignment in Dual and Multi Hop Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks EN Majid Shakeri Department of Electrical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Nahid Ardalani Department of Electrical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Pouya Derakhshan Department of Electrical Engineering, Naein Branch, Islamic Azad University, Naein, Iran. Journal Article 2024 02 15 In this paper, dual-hops and multi-hops cognitive radio Ad Hoc networks has been considered. It is vital mentioning that the primary user interference effect on the secondary user has also been considered. The design of the problem is to achieve an optimal solution for channel allocation and power in dual and multi hop in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRNs). The main goal is to minimize the outage probability and increasing the length of your network life time, while simultaneously observing the transmission power constraints and the threshold of interference with the primary user. This problem was solved using the standard technique of solving convex optimization problem and weighted bipartite matching. All of the analysis is for both DF, and amplifying and transmission AF protocols. Comparison and measurement of the systems performance is outage probability. Simulation results have shown that the proposed scheme not only minimizes the outage probability compared to existing ones, but also reduces PU interference and saves overall transmission efficiency by Secondary Users.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Short Term Optimal Hydro-Thermal Scheduling of the Transmission System Equipped with Pumped Storage in the Competitive Environment Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Short Term Optimal Hydro-Thermal Scheduling of the Transmission System Equipped with Pumped Storage in the Competitive Environment EN Mohammadreza Daneshvar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Behnam Mohammadi-ivatloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Somayeh Asadi Department of Architectural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 104 Engineering Unit A, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Sadjad Galvani Department of Power Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urmia University, Iran. Journal Article 2024 02 15 The considerable development of the electricity market subjects in recent years has provided a complex and more competitive environment for the participants. Each participant in this environment adopts a special strategy to maximize its profit or minimize its energy costs considering the significant constraints. In this paper, a short term optimal scheduling of thermal units, hydropower units, wind turbines, and pumped storage units has been proposed based on the energy market guidelines. The main objective of this research is to minimize the thermal energy production costs considering the uncertainty parameters along with the maximum utilization of clean energy production in the system. In order to evaluate the research goals, IEEE 5-bus standard test system is selected as the case study, which is equipped with both conventional and clean energy resources. In addition, probabilistic behaviors related to energy demand and wind production have been considered. Results proved the effectiveness of this model in minimizing the energy cost of thermal units.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Design and Fabrication of Ultra Wide-Band Bandpass Filters with Notched-Band using a Rectangular Ring Resonator Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Design and Fabrication of Ultra Wide-Band Bandpass Filters with Notched-Band using a Rectangular Ring Resonator EN Babak Zamanpoor Department of Electrical Engineering, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Ahmad Eskandari Department of Electrical Engineering, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2024 02 15 In this work, Ultra Wide-Band (UWB) microwave filters are designed and fabricated using a rectangular ring resonator. The UWB microwave filters work in the 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz frequency band, which is designed to coverage the FCC frequency spectrum for UWB systems. These filters, in addition to being ultra-wideband, are designed to prevent interference in some frequency bands, such as WiMAX band (3.5GHz), WLAN band (5.2-5.8GHz) and satellite communication systems (8GHz) band. For this reason, in designing these filters intelligently, it is necessary to take precautions to ensure producing narrow and precise notches in the frequency response to prevent interference. This broad bandwidth and narrow notches with adjusted even or odd mode resonator frequencies, can be controlled by varying the characteristic impedance of the rectangular ring resonator. The proposed structures are simulated and optimized using HFSS software, so that the results of fabrication and measurement of these filters have an excellent agreement with the simulation results.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Event-based Controller Design for Networked Control Systems with Time-varying Random Delays Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Event-based Controller Design for Networked Control Systems with Time-varying Random Delays EN Beheshte Sadeghi Sabzevari Department of Electrical and Robotic Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran. Mohammad Haddad Zarif Department of Electrical and Robotic Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran. Seyed Kamal Hosseini Sani Department of Electrical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Journal Article 2024 02 15 This paper is concerned with a controller design method for Networked Control Systems (NCSs) with time-varying random delays. The proposed controller is an event-based controller and is able to effectively save the network bandwidth and energy resources of the system in comparison with common control schemes while guaranteeing the stability of the system. The proposed controller switches between two main triggering schemes: event-triggered control scheme and self-triggered control scheme. The stability issue in this combinatorial method is also considered. The validity of the proposed algorithm is confirmed via simulation results and the results are well compared with results from exerting event-triggered and self-triggered control individually.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering An Adaptive Protection Scheme for Distribution Networks with Distributed Generation Sources in Various Operational Modes Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 An Adaptive Protection Scheme for Distribution Networks with Distributed Generation Sources in Various Operational Modes EN Reza Rahmani Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Seyed Hossein Sadeghi Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Seyed Amir Hosseini Department of Electrical Engineering, Golpayegan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran. Journal Article 2024 02 15 Distributed Generation (DG) is a common technology in today’s distribution networks due to its exclusive benefits. However, DG units introduce a series of new issues to distribution network beside their benefits. Adding a DG unit to the network can change the direction and magnitude of the power flow and fault currents through branches. It may cause the failure of the original protection system or false tripping of some existing relays. In this paper, a new adaptive approach is introduced for classification of different DG topologies in distribution network using the existing setting groups in over current relays. This method determines those settings such that maximum number of the possible scenarios for different operations in distribution system are covered including grid-connected mode, autonomous mode, and DGs capacity changes. In order to verify the performance of the new method, two simulation studies are performed on 14-node and IEEE 33-node distribution network test systems. DIgSILENT software has been employed to simulate the network in various operational modes.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Improving Human’s Finger Knuckle Identification using High Order Zernike Moments Volume 14 (2020) Issue 1, March 2020 2024 02 15 Improving Human’s Finger Knuckle Identification using High Order Zernike Moments EN Mehran Emadi Department of Electrical Engineering, Mobarakeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mobarakeh, Isfahan, Iran 0000-0001-6976-4250 Mansoor Jafar Pour Department of Electrical Engineering, Mobarakeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mobarakeh, Isfahan, Iran. Journal Article 2024 02 15 Identification systems based on biometrics have been conventional more than traditional identification systems in the last two decades. Many biometrics have been provided such as fingerprint, palm, iris, the vein of palm and veins of fingerprint and such. One of the challenges discussed in biometrics is physical damages. The biometric of fingers knuckles is one of the biometrics less exposed to the physical damages. Several methods have been suggested for identification with various weak points such as high mathematical complications and a very low rate of identification. The present study suggests a new method for identification which is based on Zernike Moment. Zernike moment extracts the features of the picture several times. What distinguishes this algorithm from its counterparts is that it has got high accuracy in demarcating similar pictures of different classifications. In addition to its logical calculating complications, this method was able to record a very appropriate rate of identification facing some challenges such as noise, rotation, and transition.