Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Application of Partial-Connected Dynamic and GA-Optimized Neural Networks to Misuse Detection Using Categorized and Ranked Input Features Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Application of Partial-Connected Dynamic and GA-Optimized Neural Networks to Misuse Detection Using Categorized and Ranked Input Features 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.350 EN Mansour Sheikhan Department of Communication Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Zahra Jadidi Ali Farrokhi Journal Article 2024 02 25 The number of attacks in computer networks has grown extensively, and many new intrusive methods have appeared. Intrusion detection is known as an effective method to secure the information and communication systems. In this paper, the performance of Elman and partial-connected dynamic neural network (PCDNN) architectures are investigated for misuse detection in computer networks. To select the most significant features, logistic regression is also used to rank the input features of mentioned neural networks (NNs) based on the Chi-square values for different selected subsets in this work. In addition, genetic algorithm (GA) is used as an optimization search scheme to determine the sub-optimal architecture of investigated NNs with selected input features. International knowledge discovery and data mining group (KDD) dataset is used for training and test of the mentioned models in this study. The features of KDD data are categorized as basic, content, time-based traffic, and host-based traffic features. Empirical results show that PCDNN with selected input features and categorized input connections offers better detection rate (DR) among the investigated models. The mentioned NN also performs better in terms of cost per example (CPE) when compared to other proposed models in this study. False alarm rate (FAR) of the PCDNN with selected input features and categorized input connections is better than other proposed models, as well.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Image Coding for Robotic Guidance Using Neuroblastoma Cultures Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Image Coding for Robotic Guidance Using Neuroblastoma Cultures 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.380 EN Jose Ferrández Departamento de Electrónica, Tecnología de Computadores y Proyectos, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain Víctor Lorente Departamento de Electrónica, Tecnología de Computadores y Proyectos, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain Félix De La Paz Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain, CIBER-BBN Journal Article 2024 02 25 The main objective of this work is to analyze the computing capabilities of human neuroblastoma cultured cells and to define stimulation patterns able to modulate the neural activity in response to an image for controlling an autonomous robot. Multielectrode Arrays Setups have been designed for direct culturing neural cells over silicon or glass substrates, providing the capability to stimulate and record simultaneously populations of neural cells.  If we are able to modify the selective responses of some cells with a external pattern stimuli over different time scales, the neuroblastoma-cultured structure could be trained to process image sequences.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering High Performance Channel Decoders on CELL Broadband Engine for WiMAX System Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 High Performance Channel Decoders on CELL Broadband Engine for WiMAX System 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.377 EN Xiang Chen Wireless Center, RIIT, Tsinghua Ming Zhao Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China Jianwen Chen Jing Wang Journal Article 2024 02 25 Wireless baseband processing, which is characterized by high computational complexity and high data throughput, is regarded as the most challenging issue for software radio (SR) systems, especially for the General Purpose Processor (GPP)-based SR systems. To overcome this implementation difficulty in SR systems, the multicore architecture has been proposed as the GPP-based SR platform, for example, multicore Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) and Cell processors. In this paper, the Cell processor is considered as the core component in the GPP-based SR platform, and the channel decoding modules for convolutional, Turbo and Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes of WiMAX systems are investigated and efficiently implemented on Cell processor. With a single Synergistic Processor Element (SPE) running at 3.2GHz, the implemented channel decoders can throughput up to 30Mbps, 1.36Mbps and 1.71Mbps for the above three codes, respectively. Moreover, the decoding modules can be easily integrated to the SR system and can provide a highly integrated SR solution.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Spectrum Sensor Hardware Implementation Based on Cyclostationary Feature Detector Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Spectrum Sensor Hardware Implementation Based on Cyclostationary Feature Detector 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.355 EN Vesa Turunen Aalto University, School of Science and Technology, Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Marko Kosunen Aalto University, School of Science and Technology, Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Sami Kallioinen Aalto University, School of Science and Technology, Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Aarno Pärssinen Nokia Research Center, Otaniemi, Espoo Jussi Ryynänen Journal Article 2024 02 25 Cognitive radios utilize spectrum sensors to provide  information about the surrounding radio environment. This enables cognitive radios to communicate at the same frequency bands with existing (primary) radio systems, and thereby improve the utilization of spectral resources. Furthermore, the spectrum sensor must be able to guarantee that the cognitive radio devices do not interfere with the primary system transmissions. This paper describes a hardware implementation of a spectrum sensor based on cyclostationary feature detector, which has an improved detection performance achieved by decimation of the cyclic spectrum. Decimation also provides a simple way to control detection time and, therefore, allows trading the detection time to better probability of detection and vice versa. Implementation complexity in terms of power consumption and silicon area for a 65 nm CMOS process is evaluated. Measured detection performance is presented and detection of a 802.11g WLAN signal through air interface is demonstrated.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Rate Adaptive Resource Allocation and Utility-Based Packet Scheduling in Multicarrier Systems Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Rate Adaptive Resource Allocation and Utility-Based Packet Scheduling in Multicarrier Systems 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.371 EN Emanuel Rodrigues Technical University of Catalonia - UPC Fernando Casadevall Technical University of Catalonia - UPC Journal Article 2024 02 25 There are several approaches for Radio Resource Management (RRM) in multicarrier cellular systems. This work analyzes and compares two of them: rate-adaptive resource allocation (sub-carriers and power) based on instantaneous data rates, and utility-based packet scheduling based on average data rates. A fundamental RRM problem in wireless cellular networks was chosen as a background to evaluate the aforementioned approaches: the trade-off between system spectral efficiency and fairness among the users when opportunistic allocation is used. Extensive system-level simulations were performed and important network metrics such as total cell throughput, mean user throughput, system fairness index and user satisfaction were assessed. It was concluded from the simulation results that it is possible to achieve an efficient trade-off between resource efficiency and fairness using any of the two RRM approaches. However, utility-based packet scheduling algorithms based on average data rates have the advantage of presenting higher user satisfaction with less computational complexity.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering A Comparative Study of Space Search Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization in the Design of ANFIS-based Fuzzy Models Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 A Comparative Study of Space Search Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization in the Design of ANFIS-based Fuzzy Models 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.366 EN Wei Huang Lixin Ding Sung-Kwun Oh The University of Suwon Journal Article 2024 02 25 In this study, we propose a space search algorithm (SSA) and then introduce a hybrid optimization of ANFIS-based fuzzy models based on SSA and information granulation (IG). In comparison with “conventional” evolutionary algorithms (such as PSO), SSA leads not only to better search performance to find global optimization but is also more computationally effective. In the hybrid optimization of ANFIS-based fuzzy inference system, SSA is exploited to carry out the parametric optimization of the fuzzy model as well as to realize its structural optimization. IG realized with the aid of C-Means clustering helps determine the initial values of the apex parameters of the membership function of fuzzy model. The overall hybrid identification of ANFIS-based fuzzy models comes in the form of two optimization mechanisms: structure identification (such as the number of input variables to be used, a specific subset of input variables, the number of membership functions, and polynomial type) and parameter identification (viz. the apexes of membership function). The structure identification is developed by SSA and C-Means while the parameter estimation is realized via SSA and a standard least square method. The evaluation of the performance of the proposed model was carried out by using three representative numerical examples such as Non-linear function, gas furnace, and Mackey-Glass time series. A comparative study of SSA and PSO demonstrates that SSA leads to improved performance both in terms of the quality of the model and the computing time required. The proposed model is also contrasted with the quality of some “conventional” fuzzy models already encountered in the literature.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Performance Evaluation of Decision Fusion for Distributed Detection With Side Information Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Performance Evaluation of Decision Fusion for Distributed Detection With Side Information 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.379 EN Gernot Fabeck RWTH Aachen University Rudolf Mathar RWTH Aachen University Journal Article 2024 02 25 Efficient evaluation of decision fusion algorithms becomes particularly important when different fusion schemes have to be compared with respect to an underlying performance metric or when a large number of evaluations are required for optimization purposes. In this paper, we present explicit expressions for the global error probabilities of decision fusion for distributed detection with side information. In the considered distributed detection problem, the sensors compress their observations independently and transmit local decisions to a fusion center that combines the received decisions with respect to available side information and computes the final detection result. In the special case of identical sensors, computationally efficient expressions are obtained by using the multinomial distribution. Numerical results obtained by considering the Gaussian detection problem reveal the influence of different qualities of side information on the overall detection performance.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Cyclostationary Beacon for Assisting Spectrum Sensing in Opportunistic Spectrum Access Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Cyclostationary Beacon for Assisting Spectrum Sensing in Opportunistic Spectrum Access 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.374 EN Hanwen Cao Institute for Communication Technologies (IKT), Leibniz Universität Hannover Qipeng Cai Institute for Communication Technologies (IKT), Leibniz Universität Hannover João Miranda Institute for Communication Technologies (IKT), Leibniz Universität Hannover Thomas Kaiser Institute for Communication Technologies (IKT), Leibniz Universität Hannover Journal Article 2024 02 25 Cognitive radio is a promising solution to the problem of spectrum scarcity by means of allowing secondary radio networks access the spectrum opportunistically. One of the most important issues in cognitive radio is how to detect existing over-the-air signals reliably. Not a few literatures have reported that signals could be detected via their inherent or embedded properties. However, this approach may not be reliable and flexible enough for all kinds of signals with different modulation types. In this paper, we propose a type of multitone beacon signal carrying cyclostationary signatures, which is able to enhance the reliability and efficiency of signal detection at low cost of spectrum overhead. This beacon not only can indicate the presence or absence of user signal but also can reveal some other information helpful to opportunistic spectrum access through the information bits carried on its cyclostationary signatures. It could be applied to device/network identification, indication of spectrum allocation and spectrum rendezvous, both for primary and secondary users. Based on our previous work reported in [1], the generation and detection algorithm of the beacon signal are extended with improved spectral efficiency. Performance is discussed with both computer simulation and testbed validation.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Nitric Oxide Diffusion Attributes in Biological And Artificial Environments: A Computational Study Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Nitric Oxide Diffusion Attributes in Biological And Artificial Environments: A Computational Study 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.403 EN Carmen Paz Suárez Araujo ... Pablo Fernández López Patricio García Báez Journal Article 2024 02 25 This paper presents a computational study on the dynamic of nitric oxide (NO) in both the biological and artificial environments, by means the analysis of important nitric oxide diffusion attributes, which are defined in this work. We apply the compartmental model of NO diffusion as a formal tool, using a computational neuroscience point of view. The main objective is the analyses of the emergence and dynamic of complex structures, essentially diffusion neighbourhood (DNB), in environments with volume transmission (VT). The study is performed by the observation of the NO diffusion attributes, the NO directionality (NOD), the average influence (AI) and the center of DNB (CDNB). We present a study of the influences and dependences with respect to associated features to the NO synthesis-diffusion process, and to the different environments where it spreads (non-isotropy and non-homogeneity). The paper is structured into three sets of experiences which cover the aforementioned aspects: influence of the NO synthesis process, isolated and multiple processes, influence of distance to the element where NO is synthesized, and influence of features of the diffusion environment. The developments have been performed in mono bi-and three-dimensional environments, with endothelial cell features. The study contributes the needed formalism to management the dynamic of NO in artificial an biological environments also to quantify the information representation capacity that a type of NO diffusion-based signaling presents and their implications in many other underlying neural mechanisms, such as neural recruitment, synchronization of computations between neurons and in the brain activity in general.一氧化氮擴散屬性生物和人工環境：計算研究卡門拉巴斯蘇亞雷斯阿勞霍，巴勃羅·費爾南德斯·洛佩斯，帕特里西奧·加西亞·貝茲摘要本文對一氧化氮（NO）的生物和人造環境的動態的計算研究，由裝置的重要的一氧化氮擴散屬性，這是在此工作中定義的分析。我們不應用擴散的房室模型作為一個正式的工具，使用視圖計算神經科學點。其主要目的是在出現的分析和動態複雜的結構，基本上是擴散附近（DNB）與體積傳輸（VT）環境。該研究是由NO擴散屬性，NO的方向性（NOD）的觀察進行的，平均影響（AI）和DNB（CDNB）的中心。我們目前的影響和依賴關係的研究，相對於相關功能的NO合成擴散過程，並在那裡它傳播（非各向同性和非均勻性）在不同的環境。本文的結構分為三組經驗涵蓋上述幾個方面：NO合成過程中的影響力，孤立和多進程，到NO合成元素距離的影響，擴散環境的特徵的影響。的發展已經在單雙向和三維環境中被執行時，與內皮細胞的特徵。該研究有助於所需的形式主義管理NO的動態人工的生物環境也量化信息的表示能力，一個類型沒有基於擴散信號禮物和許多其他潛在的神經機制影響，如神經招聘，同步的神經元之間，並且在一般的大腦活動的計算。

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Robust H-infinity Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Controller Design for a Bilateral Tele-operation System via LMIs Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Robust H-infinity Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Controller Design for a Bilateral Tele-operation System via LMIs EN Sajjad Tabatabaie Mohsen Sayed Moosavi Journal Article 2024 02 25 This paper presents a new approach to a robust fuzzy controller design for the bilateral teleportation system with varying time delays using linear matrix inequalities. Communication channels are considered with different forwarding and returning time delays. The time delays of communication channels are assumed to be unknown and randomly time varying, but the upper bounds of the delay interval and the derivative of the delay are assumed to be known. In order to design the controllers, first, an impedance controller is designed for the master system to achieve desired impedance behavior for the master. Then, nonlinear Euler-Lagrange equation of motion of the slave system is linearized in the neighborhood of some operating points. In the sequel, an open-loop scheme is considered for the slave system. The linear model of the slave system has two imaginary/unstable poles. The slave system is stabilized by a PD-controller to be used in the open-loop scheme. To design the slave controller, the tele-operator block diagram is rearranged such that the tele-operator block diagram converts to a standard representation of a feedback control system which helps us to design a robust H-infinity controller for the slave system. The local linear models of the system are combined to form a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model of the whole tele-operation system. A Lyapunov-Krasovskii function is defined to analyze the closed-loop system’s stability and derive a sufficient delay-dependent stability criterion. An H-infinity performance index is defined and the design criteria for the slave controller are expressed as a set of LMIs, which can be tested readily using standard numerical software.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering The Analysis and Design of a Dual-Band Self-Oscillating Mixer Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 The Analysis and Design of a Dual-Band Self-Oscillating Mixer EN Alishir Moradi Kordalivand Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Young Researchers Club, Arak, Iran Sepideh Ebrahimi Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Aligodarz Branch, Aligodarz Journal Article 2024 02 25 Here, a self-oscillating mixer is experimentally demonstrated employing both the fundamental and harmonic signals generated by the oscillator sub-circuit in the mixing process. The resulting circuit is a dual-band down-converting mixer that can operate in the C-band, or in the X-band. The oscillator uses the active super harmonic coupling to enforce the quadrature relationship of the fundamental outputs. Either the fundamental outputs of the oscillator or the second harmonic oscillator output signals present at the common mode nodes are connected to the mixer via a set of complementary switches. The mixer achieves a conversion gain between 9–11.5 dB in both frequency bands. The third-order output intercept-point for the C-band and the X–band operations are 10.42 and 8.33 dBm, respectively. The circuit was designed and simulated in 0.18- CMOS technology by ADS2008.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering An Hybrid Multi Level Inverter Based DSTATCOM Control Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 An Hybrid Multi Level Inverter Based DSTATCOM Control EN K. Ramash Kumar AM.S.College of Engineering/Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering D. Kalyankumar Dr. V. Kirubakaran Journal Article 2024 02 25 This paper presents an investigation on the Hybrid Seven-Level (HSL) H–bridge inverter, which is used in a Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) in Power Systems (PS). Making use of HSLI has the benefits of low harmonics distortion, reduced number of switches required to achieve the seven- level inverter output over the conventional cascaded seven-level inverter, and also reduced switching losses.  In order to compensate the reactive power and suppress the total harmonics distortion (THD) drawn from a Non-Liner Diode Rectifier Load (NLDRL) of DSTATCOM, we propose a Sub-Harmonics Pulse Width Modulation (SHPWM) technique to control the switches of HSL H – bridge inverter. The D-Q reference frame theory is used to generate the reference compensating currents for DSTATCOM and proportional and integral (PI) control is used for capacitors dc voltage regulation for DSTATCOM. An HSL H–bridge inverter is considered for the shunt compensation of a 4.5 kV distribution system. The results are validated by MatLab/Simulink simulation software.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering A Robust Filter Design for Uncertain Singular Systems with Unreliable Channels Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 A Robust Filter Design for Uncertain Singular Systems with Unreliable Channels EN Ching-Min Lee Meng-Hsuan Hsieh Journal Article 2024 02 25 This paper considers the problem of robust H∞ filter design in uncertain discrete-time singular systems with possible missing measurements due to unreliable network transmission channels. The stochastic variable satisfying Bernoulli random binary distribution is introduced to model the missing phenomena and the corresponding filtering error dynamics with delay is then induced. We provide a set of sufficient conditions for the existence of the desired filter, and propose a robust filter design method under a strict linear matrix inequality framework. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering ANFIS Controller for Non-holonomic Robots Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 ANFIS Controller for Non-holonomic Robots EN Ting Wang Christophe Sabourin Kourosh Madani Journal Article 2024 02 25 In this paper, a control strategy for a non-holonomic robot based on an Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System is proposed. The neuro-controller makes it possible for the robot to track a given reference trajectory. After a short introduction about Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System, the control strategy which is used on our virtual non-holonomic robot is described. And finally, the simulations’ results where the robot has to pass into a narrow path and also the first validation results concerning the implementation of the proposed concepts on a real robot is given.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Crosstalk Enhancement in 32 nm FD SOI MOSFET using HR Substrate and Multilayer BOX Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Crosstalk Enhancement in 32 nm FD SOI MOSFET using HR Substrate and Multilayer BOX EN Parisa Tavanazadeh Arash Daghighi Department of of Electrical Engineering, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran Homayoun Mahdavi-Nasab Department of Electrical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article 2024 02 25 In this paper, the crosstalk in 32 nm UTB SOI MOSFET is examined by using a new structure, a high resistivity substrate, and a multilayer BOX (SiO2-Diamond). The electrical and thermal characteristics of the conventional SOI and a multilayer BOX SOI are compared, and it is concluded that parasitic capacitances and crosstalk are improved by incorporating multilayer BOX to a HR Substrate. In a conventional HR FD SOI, crosstalk is approximately -121dB, while by incorporating multilayer BOX substrate and increasing the thickness of the Diamond to 100nm, crosstalk can be reduced by 20%.

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Farsi License Plate Detection and Recognition Based on Characters Features Volume 5 (2011) Issue 2, June 2011 2024 02 25 Farsi License Plate Detection and Recognition Based on Characters Features EN Sedigheh Ghofrani Mehran Rasouli South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University Journal Article 2024 02 25 In this paper a license plate detection and recognition system for Iranian private cars is implemented. The proposed license plate localization algorithm is based on region elements analysis which works properly independent of distance (how far a vehicle is), rotation (angle between camera and vehicle), and contrast (being dirty, reflected, or deformed). In addition, more than one car may exist in the image. The proposed method extracts edges and then determines the candidate regions by applying window movement. The region elements analysis includes binarization, character analysis, character continuity analysis and character parallelism analysis. After detecting license plates, we estimate the rotation angle and try to compensate it. In order to identify a detected plate, every character should be recognized. For this purpose, we present 25 features and use them as the input to an artificial neural network classifier. The experimental results show that our proposed method achieves appropriate performance for both detection and recognition of the Iranian license plates.